Composite depth of cure and LED dental curing lamp characteristics
 

Table 1: Depth of cure of Tetric EvoCeram and Filtek Z250

Comments Table 1: Depth of cure values lower than those given by the manufacturers and according to the ISO 4049 requirement are indicated in red. Depth of cure values lower than those given by the manufacturers, but within the limits of the ISO 4049 requirement, are indicated in blue. According to the standard the composite is cured by “direct contact” between the material and the light emission area of the lamp. This situation will, in many cases, differ from a clinical situation in which the distance between the light emission area and material surface is considerably larger, resulting in a decreased depth of cure. The measured light emission area diameters are given in Table 2.

Tetric EvoCeram recommendations: 2 mm depth of cure layer is obtained after 20 seconds of light curing. When lamp intensity (irradiance) of at least 1100 mW/cm2 is used, curing time can be reduced to 10 seconds.

Filtek Z250 recommendations: 2.5 mm depth of cure is obtained after 20 seconds of light curing.According to ISO 4049, depth of cure should be no less than 0.5 mm of the value recommended by the manufacturer.

 

Lamp
(given diameter of the light emission area [mm])
Curing method
(*one curing method)
Curing time [s]
Depth of cure [mm]
Filtek Z250, A3Tetric EvoCeram, A3
bluephase (8; Power-Booster)Hi Power203,1

2,8
102,2
Low Power202,82,3
Soft Power203,02,6
bluephase 16i (8) (A)High Power10 s × 23,13,0
102,92,6
52,3
Low Power303,12,8
bluephase 20i (8; turbo)Turbo5 s × 43,43,1
5 s × 23,0;  (B)2,9;  (B) ,  (C)
52,3;  (D)
High Power203,02,9
152,9;  (E)2,7
102,4;  (C)
Low Power202,62,3
Soft start203,02,8
152,5;  (F)
bluephase G2 (10)High203,12,8
102,3;  (B)
Soft203,02,6
102,1;  (B)
Low202,62,2
Celalux (8)Standard203,22,8
Soft start (4 s)202,92,7
Celalux 2 (7.5)Fast203,02,8
102,3;  (B) ,  (G)
Soft start202,92,8
Coltolux LED (H) *202,62,2
Demetron A2 (8; turbo bent)*10 s × 23,53,1
10;  (I)3,12,6;  (B)
Demi L.E.D. (8)*203,33,1
102,7;  (B)
52,7;  (J)2,3;  (J)
Demi Plus (8)*; pulsed203,12,9
102,5;  (B)
5;  (K)2,32,2
DioPower lighthead: DioCure470 (4)Program A10 s × 22,42,0
102,11,7
DioPower lighthead: DioCure470 (8)Program A10 s × 22,52,1
102,11,7
Elipar Freelight 2 (8)Standard203,22,7
Elipar S10 (10)Standard203,12,7
102,7;  (L)2,4;  (B)
5;  (M)2,42,1
Flashlite 1401 (H)*203,12,7
FlashMax (H) (N)*(1 s × 2) + (3 s × 6) = 20 s3,63,0
(1 s × 1) + (3 s × 3) = 10 s3,1;  (O)2,8;  (B), (O)
(1 s × 2) + 3 s =  5 s2,6;  (P)2,5;  (P)
32,52,2
11,81,6
FlashMax (H) (Q)*(1 s × 2) + (3 s × 6) = 20 s4,03,5
(1 s × 1) + (3 s × 3) = 10 s3,5;  (O)3,1;  (B) ,  (O)
(1 s × 2) + 3 s = 5 s3,1;  (P)2,8;  (P)
32,82,5
12,22,0
FlashSoft (H);
*10 s × 23,12,5
with cover102,62,2;  (B) ,  (O) ,  (R)
52,11,7;  (P)
FlashSoft (H);
*10 s × 22,32,4
with cover and disposable tip102,02,1;  (B) ,  (O) ,  (R)
51,81,8;  (P)
FlashSoft (H);
*10 s × 23,02,8
without cover and tip102,72,4;  (B) ,  (O) ,  (R)
52,52,0;  (P)
L.E.Demetron II (8)*203,12,7
102,3
52,22,0
Ledex WL-070 (8)*203,12,8
102,5;  (B)
miniL.E.D (7.5)Fast10 s × 23,02,7
102,3
Pulsed10 s × 23,12,6
102,2
Stepped203,12,6
Pencure VL-7 (9)*202,92,6
Radii Plus (H)No Ramp203,23,0
102,5;  (B)
Ramp203,12,8
102,3;  (B)
Smartlite iQ2 (8)*203,12,6
Smartlite PS (H)*10 s × 22,72,5
Starlight pro (8)Fast10 s × 22,72,4
102,0;  (B)
Slow rise202,72,3
Starlight sler (8)sler mode203,12,7
sler+ mode213,02,6
soft mode203,02,5
the Cure Cordless (H)High203,02,8
102,5;  (B)
6;  (S)2,42,1
Low202,42,4
6;  (S)2,01,9
T-LED (8)Slow202,82,7
Standard15 s + 5 s2,92,9
102,4;  (B)
Fast5 s × 43,13,1
5 s × 22,7;  (B)
Bonding152,62,4
Rapid Restoration152,92,7
Long Restoration203,12,8
T-LED (5; turbo)Standard15 s + 5 s3,13,1
Translux Power Blue (8)Fast202,62,2
101,8
Slow rise202,52,2
Ultra-Lume LED 5 (H)*203,02,5
Valo (H)Standard203,02,7
High2 s × 103,33,1
2 s × 52,5;  (B)
Plasma;  (T)32,32,0

(A)           Recommended curing times according to the lamp manufacturer’s instructions are: 10 s using “High Power” or 15 s using “Soft Start” to polymerize TetricEvoCeram and other composites. If the light guide “Power-Booster” is used a curing time of only 5 s with “High Power” or 10 s with “Soft Start” is necessary to polymerize Tetric EvoCeram shade A3.5 and lighter shades. Using “Low Power” a curing time of 30 s is necessary. Recommended layer thickness is 2 mm.

(B)           According to the lamp manufacturer’s instructions, a general curing time of 5 s x 2 for composites is recommended.

(C)           According to the composite manufacturer’s instructions, the curing time can be halved using a curing light with irradiance of 1100 mW/cm2 or more.

(D)           According to the lamp manufacturer’s instructions; recommended curing time is 5 s for Tetric EvoCeram.

(E)           According to the lamp manufacturer’s instructions; recommended curing time is 15 s with “High Power” for composites.

(F)           According to the lamp manufacturer’s instructions; recommended curing time is 15 s with “Soft Start” for Tetric EvoCeram.

(G)          According to the lamp manufacturer’s instructions, the irradiance is 900-2000 mW/cm2.

(H)           Light guide diameter/dimensions are not given.

(I)             According to the lamp manufacturer’s instructions, a depth of cure of 2 mm is achieved with 10 s curing time.

(J)            According to the lamp manufacturer’s instructions, a depth of cure of 2 mm is achieved for shades A3 and lighter after 5 s curing time.

(K)           According to the lamp manufacturer’s instructions, a depth of cure of 2 mm will be achieved with 5 s curing time for composites with shades A3 and lighter.

(L)           According to the lamp manufacturer’s instructions, the irradiance is sufficiently high to halve the curing time used with conventional halogen lamps.

(M)          According to the lamp manufacturer’s instructions, a curing time of 5 s may be used for Filtek Z250, shade A3 and Tetric EvoCeram, shade A3.

(N)           The light guide cover part and disposable tip are attached.

(O)          According to the lamp manufacturer’s instructions, a depth of cure of at least 6 mm is achieved with 10 s curing time.

(P)           According to the lamp manufacturer’s instructions, a depth of cure of at least 4 mm is achieved with 5 s curing time.

(Q)          The light guide cover part is not attached.

(R)           According to the lamp manufacturer’s instructions, the light intensity is 1000-1200 mW/cm2.

(S)           According to the lamp manufacturer’s instructions, most composites including dark shades, need only 6 s curing time.

(T)           According to the lamp manufacturer’s instructions:” Plasma in this context refers to “plasma-like” due to intense optical output and curing capacity”.

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