Abstract Objective The aims of this study were to investigate the release of element from, and the biological response in vitro to, cobalt–chromium alloys and other base–metal alloys used for the fabrication of metal-ceramic restorations. Material and methods: Eighteen different alloys were investigated. Nine cobalt–chromium alloys, three nickel–chromium alloys, two cobalt–chromium–iron alloys, one palladium–silver alloy, […]

This study investigated the leaching of monomers from bulk-fill composites, as well as some physical properties of the materials

The toxicity of endodontic materials is reviewed. The patient may be exposed by constituents leaching from the unset and set sealer and by accidental overfilling of the root canal. For most patients the exposure is believed to be below the threshold for a toxic effect.