Amalgam restorations of adequate standard and condition can very well be repaired with composite, but there should be provided for extra retention into the amalgam filling as the bond strength alone is not adequate. Glass-Ionomer may also be used for repair at amalgam restoration margins in not stress bearing areas, but as they do not adhere to amalgam, they need enamel and dentine for retention and possible undercuts towards amalgam interface.

The composition, leachable products, and physical properties of toothcoloured restorative materials have been determined. The composition was often found to be more complex than described in the MSDS of the materials. The most frequently used monomers such as TEGDMA, Bis-GMA, Bis-EMA, UDMA, and 2-HEMA were detected, as well as several other monomers and different additives (initiators, activators, and stabilizers). The initiator camphoroquinone was found in all the investigated materials. B

The purpose of this study was to assess the cytotoxicity of some commonly used glass ionomers. Three chemically cured glass ionomers (Fuji II, Lining cement, and Ketac Silver) and one light-cured (Fuji II LC) were tested. Extracts of mixed non-polymerized materials and polymerized specimens were prepared in accordance with ISO standard 10993-12. The polymerized specimens were cured and placed either directly in the medium (freshly cured), left for 24 h (aged), or aged plus ground before being placed in the medium.